Super El Nino threatens extreme temperatures around the world

Forecasters from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration warned of a high probability of the formation of a powerful El Nino by the end of this summer. It is predicted that the event could escalate into a so-called super El Nino with global floods and extreme temperatures around the world.

El Nino (Spanish for "boy") — this is the warm phase of fluctuations in the temperature of the surface layer of water in the equatorial part of the Pacific Ocean (Southern oscillation). As well as its opposite — La Nina ("girl", lowering the temperature of oceanic surface waters), El Nino sets the tone for the weather all over the planet.

During the action of the "boy", trade winds weaken, warm water shifts to the coast of South America, the scheme of atmospheric circulation changes, precipitation zones are redistributed, cyclone trajectories shift, and in some regions air temperature anomalies are recorded three to five degrees above the climatic norm.

Experts note that against the background of global warming, even a moderate manifestation of the phenomenon can provoke extreme weather conditions that were previously considered unlikely. In particular, this can lead to extremely hot summers in the western United States, Australia and Indonesia, parts of East Africa and the Caribbean. At the same time, Peru and Ecuador will suffer from heavy rains, and the Middle East will suffer from extreme heat and high humidity.

If a super El Nino develops, it will raise global temperatures in 2026 and especially in 2027 to record levels. The consequences will affect agriculture, water resources and infrastructure of all continents.